Inside and outside calipers, height and depth gauge, with dial indicator



w. J. DUESLER 2,581,946 INSIDE AND OUTSIDE CALIPERS, HEIGHT AND DEPTHGAUGE, WITH DIAL INDICATOR Jan. 8, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Jan; 25,1949 INSIDE AND OUTSIDE CALIPERS, HEIGHT AND 1952 w. J. 'DUESLER 8 DEPTHGAUGE, WITH'DIAL INDICATOR Filed Jan. 25. 1949 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 MINVENTOR.

ML 75/2 1/ 005.51. ER

A 7'TORNE' X wi J. DUESLER Jan. 8, 1952 INSIDE AND UTSIDE CALIPERS,HEIGHT AND DEPTH GAUGE, WITH DIAL INDICATOR 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Jan.25, 1949 INVENTOR. W4 LTEA 00561 6/? ATTORNEX w. J. DUESLER 2,581,946

INSIDE AND OUTSIDE CALIPERS, HEIGHT AND DEPTH GAUGE, WITH DIAL INDICATORSheets-Sheet 4 Jan. 8, 1952 Filed Jan. 25, 1949 3 g 16 1 l l G4 N 26 2a21 I Z x. 4 27v 5 1 i 20% i j I -I I a 45179 5 32 2.9 11

, INVENTOR.

ML T5? (1 04/5345? A TTOR/VEX J 8, 1952 w. J. DUESLER' 2,581,946

INSIDE AND OUTSIDE CALIPERS, HEIGHT AND DEPTH GAUGE, WITH DIAL INDICATORFiled Jan. 25, 1949 -5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR.

WAL '75,? 1/. Dues; 5/?

Arm/wax Patented Jan. 8, 1952 AND DEPTH GAUG CATOR WITH DIAL INDI- vWalter J. Duesler, GloversvillaN. Y.

Application January 25, 1949,: Serial No. 72,681

This invention relates to measuring instruments, in particular toinstruments capable of making a variety of measurements such as outsideand inside diameters, thickness, heights .and

depths.

It is an object of my invention to provide an instrument with whichmeasurements, such as the foregoing, may-be made quickly and accu- 4claims. I (01.33-1 .17)

rately. A further object is to provide an instrument making measurementsof all the above types on a single gauge. Other objects and .advantagesof my invention will appear hereinafter.

is impelled by springs, either toward or away from a base of reference,depending on the measurement to be made. The base of reference may beanother jaw, may be a base plate, or ,1

Objects of my invention are accomplished by providing an instrument inwhich a movable jaw attachments thereto, and allowing employment of thesame jaws for various types of measurements. The invention will beexplained more fully in connection with the accompanying drawings.

In said drawings, Fig. 1 is a front view of one form of my measuringinstrument ready for use to measure outside diameters. r

Fig. 2 is a top view of the instrument shown in Fig. l. v

Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the same instrument. Fig. 4 is a front viewwith front cover removed. Fig. 5 is a section along the line 5- 5 ofFig.4. Fig. 6 is a section along the line 66 of Fig.4. Fig. 7 is a frontview along the line 1"'! (approximately mid-section) of Fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is a section along the line 8-8 of Fig. '7. Fig. 9 is a sectionalong the line 9 -9 of Fig. '7 Fig. 10 is a perspective front view ofprincipal working parts, some being cut away to show parts to rear. 4

Fig. 11 is a bottom view of the rod "3 ofFig'. 10. Fig. 12 is a frontview, with the lower part of cover cut away, showing the instrumentready for use in measuring the height of an object.

Fig. 13 shows a form of finger attachment for height measurements.

Fig. 14 is a detail showing attachment of a depth measuring auxiliary tothe movable jaw of the measuring instrument illustrated in'Fig. 1'.

In the drawings a given numeral designates a Col pressure of the spring33.

given part throughout. Referring in particular to Fig. 10, ..l is atrigger pivoted on the pivot 2 mounted on plate .II and carrying cams 3and 4. 5 is a lever arm (shown with the mid-portion broken away),pivoted at 6 and having an upwardly curved portion 1. 8 is a lever armcarrying a hook piece 9 and pivoted at a pivot 10 mounted on the frameof the instrument.

I I is a plate or catch whichslides along a support in the form of ascrew l-2 by means of slot l3. In the lower edge of plate I lis anopening I4 which, engages latch I 5 attached to rod i6, (shown in bottomview, Fig. 11). The lower edge of plate ll has an upward bevel at theleft, as shown at I]. At its upper left-hand corner, plate H carries abar l8, the. upper right corner of which is beveled downwardly to engagethe underside of bearing 22, described below, when catch H is in itsrightward position.

I9 is a horizontal bar through which pass (proceeding from right toleft) a rod the rod l6 previously referred to, sleeve 2| carryingbearing 22 aflixed thereto, and in which are spring 23 and guide 24 withhead 25 fixed in the frame (see Fig. 7) against which spring 23 rests,and

rod 26. The bar is grips the rod 26 when'screw 2! in the bar istightened to close the slot 23. Bar 19 slides over sleeve 2| and overrod l6 and grips rod 20. A projection 29 on the front of bar I9 fitsinto slot 30 in the lever arm 5.

Rod 26 is encircled by sleeve 3|, which carries bearing 32 aflixedthereto, and encloses spring 33, which at its lower end bears against afixed bushing 34, which is pressed into the frame, as may be seenin'Fig. 7. Rod 26 slides in the bushing 34. To the lower end of rod 26is afiixed the movable jaw (shown broken away). Bearing 32 and sleeve 3|are preferably machined from one piece of metal and are free to slideindependently of rod 26, as for example, when pushed downwardly with thefinger when desired to reverse the direction of spring action, and alsowhen spring 23 is in use and spring 33 is restrained. Then any movementof the bar 26 causes this bar to slide through the small hole in'theotherwise closed end of sleeve 3-l. When the spring 33 is free to movethe rod 26, sleeve 3|, bar !9 and jaw 35 all move as a unit under Thebearing 32 and rod 26 are in no way connected.

The construction of movable jaw 35 and fixed jaw 36 as thin paralleljaws with fiat inner surfaces on which attachments fit, is illustratedin Figs. 7 and 8 which show also the mode of attachment Of these laws tothe instrument where- 3 by they are held to tracks 31 and 38 on whichthey slide with no up and down rocking play.

In Fig. 12 fixed jaw 36 is shown with finger attachment 40 and finger 4|for measuring heights. The vertical rods 56 and 51 of base plate 42 fitinto openings 43 and 44 when the instrument is used for measuringheights.

The scale 45, -,shown in Fig. 4, is marked to correspondto the variousalternative positions of the fixed jaw 35. The scale has three positionsand three sets of markings, only one set of which is exposed at a timethrough the cover of the instrument. One set to 3 inches) applies whenthe instrument is adjusted to measure outside diameter (Fig. 1), anotherfor measuring inside diameters (.5 to 3.5 inches) and the third tormeasuring heights (2 to 5 inches). The knob 58 and arm 59 serve to shiftscale 45 "to its various positions.

Reference is made to Fig. 4 for a showing of the dialgauge .46 on whichthe final fractions of an inch lessthan ,ahalf inch are recorded. inthousandths of an inch. Plunger 41'! actuates the gauge. The pointer 56,piyotally attached to bar 1e, indicates on scale 61 the number of..revolutions of the pointer of gauge 49. 'Details of the sliding. rod 125areshown in Fig. '7. In particular, the opening 48 at the lower endofrodZfi, rod or jaw 49 fitting into said p ng and p nsion screw '51!holdin rod 49. are illustrated,

Fin er attac m nts u ed in ak g h i h measurements .areshown in Figs. 12and 13.. The attachmentshown inFig. 13 may be .used to ,accpmmodateheights greater than can .be .measured withtheiormsof finger shown inFig. 12.

idshows datailsof .an attachment for measurin'g depths, wherein theclamp .39 is held tight by the mutt-,2. died .63 .of known length belowbase plate 4.2 is held in positionby expansion screw 64. v

When my instrument is used to measure outside .diameterspr thickness of'plate, -.etc., the operation ,isas follows: 7 r

The trigger :is squeezed, causing the can; 4

.tobear down on the book .9, thus bringing lever a quick andaccuratemeasurement 7 v The fixed jawiifi can bereleased by pushing button 55thus forcing spring 66 away from track as f1) and .can b placed asrequired in any of thefixedpositions at accurate half inch in tervalsalong track-.38. Scale-'45 istg raduated from 0 to-3.;inc.he.s tocorrespond to these posi tions. By looseninga screw in (Fig.2) theububie dovetailed track-38 can be pulled out to form an extensionincreasing the capacity of the instrument by threeinchesr T0 usmvinstrument for m asuring inside d ameters, movable jaw 35 is firstfully depressed. In this position bearing 32 will be opposite to anbelowthe beveled edge 11 of plate H. The rod t is now qtated so thacatch 15 (Fi ii? en'- agingwith. openi g 1 insulate J1 slides theplateto thelef-t Thermal-u isthus did over th bash at? or bearing 32thus holding the bearing down and restraining spring 33 from acting onthe horizontal bar Hi to force upward rod carrying jaw 35. At the sametime, the leftward movement of plate ll releases bearing 22 by shiftingbar Hi to the left. Spring 23 now acts downwardly on the end of sleeve2% to push bearing .22. down against bar 13, .and thus maintain themovablegjaw 35 in said-depressed position away from the fixed jaw 36.

Moreover the leftward movement of plate H carries with it trigger I, tothe left, clear of hook 9. In this position of the trigger (and withlever =arm 5 --in a down position corresponding to the downpositionof-bar iii) the cam 3 on trigger i engages with *the curvature Iin lever arm 5. Putting rightward pressure on the finger piece of "the"trigger lifts cam 3 against arm 5, thus raising bar l9 and bringing jaw35 toward jaw 33. The jaws may accordingly be fitted inside an openingand may be quicklyand accurately adjusted to j positicn giving theinside measure ment;

Again, the upper fixed jaw may be placed accurately at any of thepositions at halt-inch intervals along its track. When inside diametersarebeing'measuredthe scale 45 is placed to bring the calibrations .5 to3inches into register with the fixed positions of jaws'36.

Whether inside or outside measurements are being made, the finalfractions of an inch less than half inch are recorded (in thousandths ofan inch) on the gauge d6 (Fig. 4). The needle of the gauge is actuatedby .rod 213 on bar l9, which bears against the plunger 4"! of the gauge.This gauge may take any of a number .of forms. For examplafit maybe thegauge described in United States Patent No, 12,117,268 of May 17, 193.8,to Ames.

Fig. 12 shows my measuring instrument in use ,for measuring the heightof an object which is between .2 inches and 2.5 inches high. For thispurpose extension finger 4! is attached to the upper jaw. The lower jaw35 is in upward position as for measuring outside diameters.

Rod 4.9 is then fitted into the hollow opening 48'at .thelower end.ofsliding rod 2.6 as shown in Fig. 7, and is held in place by thefriction of expansion screw 59 (Fig. 7). The base plate 42 is put inplace so. that the instrument rests on the base plate while the rod 4!!!passes through opening 5| in the base plate, and just touches thesurface on which the base plate is resting.

Fixed jaw 35 is now brought to the position on track. which is withinhalf .an inch of the top of the object bei g measured. calibrations ofcale 45 (Fig. 4) indicate the height of the fixed positions for jaw3.6above the surface on which base plate 4.2 is resting..- In theinstrument shown in the figures, these heights vary in half inchintervals from 2 to 5 inches.

Now knob 52. (Fig. .5). is rotated to raise the instrument above thebase plate by the meshing of the teethoj pinion 53, with the teeth ofrack 54 (Fig. 12). When finger 4! just fits over the object "to bemeasured the instrument is lockedin .POsitionwith the lock 55 I (Fig. 3)which compresses the split ring 5] around rod 56 on base plate The finalfractions of an inch, less than half an inch, by which it was necessaryto raise the instrument to make this final adjust- .ment are read l termy d pr ss n m va l aw 5 until red 49again just touches the surwardly, asread on gauge 46, is exactly equal to the height by which the instrumentwas raised to make the final adjustment, and is therefore ,added to theapproximate height read from scale 45 to give the exact height measured.

My instrument may also be used for noting small differences in heights.For this purpose finger 4| is attached to movable jaw 35, the springsare adjusted to actuate this jaw downwardly, and the instrument islocked to the base plate at slightly below the right height for finger4| to clear the object being measured. The finger then is pushed on itsbevel over the object and the dial reading on the gauge noted.Differences due to low or high spots at other points of the object orobjects being measured are recorded directly as differences in the dialreadings.

The heights of undercut surfaces can be measured or compared with finger4| attached to jaw 35 in a similar manner to the foregoing except thatthe action of the springs will be reversed from the preceding, so thatthe spring forcing jaw 35 upwardly will be in action and the springforcing the jaw downwardly will be restrained.

For measuring heights or comparing heights greater or lesser than finger4| will accommodate, a modified finger of known height may, of course,be used. For example, an offset finger such as shown in Fig. 13 may beused to compare heights greater or lesser than the range which finger 4|can reach.

My instrument can readily be used, with the aid of a suitable attachmenton the movable jaw, to measure depths. Such an attachment is, forexample, a steel rod held as shown in Fig. 14. The base plate is put onand the springs are adjusted to force jaw 35 down. A rod of known lengthwithin half an inch of that required is attached to jaw 35. The finalfractions of an inch of depth less than half an inch are read from thegauge when the rod rests on the bottom of the concavity or hole beingmeasured, and are added tothe known length of the rod below the baseplate when jaw 35 is fully raised. Rods of known length below base plate42 held in opening 48 of rod 26 may likewise be used for depthmeasurements.

Depths of surfaces which are concave upward, or of holes openingdownward, can be measured by putting the rod attachment on the fixed jawof the instrument, and then proceeding in an analogous manner to thatdescribed above for measurement of heights of objects.

Other attachments for other measurements which can be registered asupward or downward movements will suggest themselves to those skilled inthe art.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a, measuring instrument, the combination of a movable jaw, a gaugeconnected to said law, which gauge responds to the motion of said jaw,at least one base of reference having fixed positions, a sliding rod onwhich said movable jaw is mounted, which rod carries said movable jawaway from and toward the base of reference, a pair of springs eachacting parallel to the sliding rod but in opposite directions, a barperpendicular to said sliding rod and attached thereto, two bearingseach actuated by one of said springs, and each of which bears againstthe aforesaid bar under the action of the spring corresponding to thebearing, a catch having two positions in each of which the catch holdsone of the aforesaid bearings so that the corresponding spring isrestrained from acting while the other spring is free to act through itsbearing on the bar and thus on the sliding rod and movable jaw, wherebythe movable jaw is impelled in a desired sense with respect to the baseof reference.

2. A measuring instrument, as defined in claim 1, which includes atrigger, two sets of levers each having two positions with reference tosaid trigger, in one of which positions one set of levers engages withthe trigger and said bar, said one set of levers acting on said movablejaw, in response to pressure on the trigger, in opposition to one ofsaid springs acting on said jaw, and in the other of which positionssaid one set of levers is disengaged and the other set is engaged,acting on the movable jaw in response to pressure on the trigger in theopposite direction from said one set, and a two-position latch whichoperates the catch for the springs and shifts the aforesaid levers andtrigger into that relative position in which the trigger acts, throughthe levers, counter to whichever spring is in action.

3. A measuring instrument as defined in claim 1 wherein said movable jawis of elongated form with one flat surface and said base of reference isin the form of an elongated jaw parallel to the movable jaw and has afiat surface facing the fiat surface of the movable jaw, to which jawsattachments may be fitted.

4. A measuring instrument as defined in claim 1, having fittings for abase plate, which base plate engages with said instrument through gearsallowing the instrument to be raised and lowered above the base plate, alock whereby said instrument is locked in a raised position above thebase plate, said instrument having a measuring jaw with fixed positionsand a movable jaw mounted on said sliding rod, said jaw comprising anadjustable extension which can be brought by motion of the sliding rodto the same definite position with reference to the base plate forvarious heights of the instrument above the base plate.

WALTER J. DUESLER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,259,196 Ames ..v Mar. 12, 19182,324,998 Dague July 20, 1943 2,331,779 Hjarpe et al Oct. 12, 19432,358,264 Taylor Sept. 12, 1944 2,429,923 Cavicchi ..Oct. 28, 1947FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 24,661 Great Britain Nov. 13, 1903376,892 Germany ..June 7, 1923

